Which action is appropriate when a patient refuses treatment?

• A. Respect autonomy, provide information about consequences, document refusal, contact the supervisor/physician, ensure informed choice and safety.
• B. Force treatment despite patient’s refusal.
• C. Ignore the refusal and proceed.
• D. Document refusal but disclose it to others unnecessarily.

Answer: (A)

When a patient refuses treatment, the essential approach is to respect their autonomy while ensuring the decision is informed. Start by confirming the patient understands the treatment's risks, benefits, and alternatives, and answer questions so the choice is meaningful. Next, document the refusal in the medical record and notify the supervising clinician to ensure appropriate follow-up and possible reassessment of capacity. If the patient remains capable, honor their decision and maintain safety by monitoring and offering alternative options or opportunities to revisit consent later, without coercion. Keep the refusal confidential and avoid sharing it with others unless there is a legitimate, required reason.